Glitch: Sorry, I did actually miss that question. Differences between businesses how? How business is conducted, or how it outwardly operates?
I have no experience working at a business, so I can only answer that one based on what I've read. One works hard to get to the best highschool, and then the best college, and almost immediately upon graduation looks for work. When you've found it, you stick with the company basically for life - and there are all sorts of measures to keep that in place. For one, a lot of companies, from what I've heard, won't hire you if you have previous experience - they want fresh faces so they can mold you to their standards. In addition, working for a company your entire working career awards you all sorts of benefits - not only the Three Month Bonus in January (yes, that's three full months of pay awarded as a bonus), but also housing, medical care, and et cetera.
In terms of how stores operate as seen from the customer, they don't really seem all that different to me. Although maybe I've just grown used to it. Restaurants are a different story, though - when you're ready to order, you tell them - literally. They won't come to you. In some places, there's a button you press to alert a waiter, but traditionally you just yell "SUMIMASEN!" And they'll come and get your order. You do that for anything - another drink, another food order, and the like.
As for California: I'll admit that I'm not well-versed in California's weather. But generally, if you ask a non-californian, they'll probably say that it's hot, but that there's desert and not-desert. If you ask someone not well-versed in Japan, they'll say that it's hot and humid (hell, I say it's hot and humid, and I know better.) The point of the matter is that Japan, especially in comparison to Korea and China, is a pretty tiny country, and even more so when you consider that 75% of the country or so is more or less unlivable (mountains, rivers, etc...). And traveling the country, you'll see essentially the same things - mountains, rice paddies, and beaches, whereas if you travel the Eastern Coast of America, you'll see beaches, mountains, plateaus, plains, hills, forests, and et cetera. The only thing, really, that changes about Japan is the temperatures.
So, I suppose really the only "glitch" that you've found in my statement is that I used the word "weather" instead of "temperatures" - but they kind of impact the weather, no?
soujournen: I don't usually listen to what Japanese are saying when they're not talking to me, and it seems to me that they're too nice to say anything rude (except in a few cases), so I'll leave it to Avenue Q to answer this one.
"Everyone's a little bit racist/All right? All right./Bigotry has never been exclusively white."